John Douglas (bishop of Salisbury)

John Douglas (14 July 1721 – 18 May 1807) was a Scottish scholar and Anglican bishop.^[1]

Early life and education

Douglas was born at Pittenweem, Fife, the second son of shopkeeper Archibald Douglas, and Isabel, daughter of Robert Melvill of Carsendor. His father was later Wagon-Master-General to the British Forces and died at the Battle of Dettingen in Frankfurt in 1743. Douglas was educated at Dunbar, East Lothian, and at Balliol College, Oxford, where he gained his M.A. degree in 1743.^[1]

Career

As chaplain to the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards, he was at the Battle of Fontenoy, 1745. He then returned to Balliol as a Snell Exhibitioner; became Vicar of High Ercall, Shropshire in 1750;^[1] a Canon of Windsor, namely Canon of the Eleventh Stall at St George's Chapel, Windsor (1762–1776); a member of the chapter of St Paul's Cathedral in 1777; Bishop of Carlisle in 1787; Dean of Windsor in 1788; and Bishop of Salisbury in 1791. As Bishop of Salisbury he was also ex officio Chancellor of the Order of the Garter. Other honours were the degree of DD (1758), and those of Fellow of the Royal Society and Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries.^[1]

Douglas was not an outstanding churchman. He preferred to stay in London in winter and at fashionable watering places in summer.^[1] Under the patronage of the Earl of Bath he entered into several literary controversies. He defended John Milton against William Lauder's charge of plagiarism (1750), and attacked David Hume's rationalism in his Letter on the Criterion of Miracles^[1] (1754); he went on to criticise the followers of John Hutchinson in his Apology for the Clergy (1755). He also edited Captain Cook's Journals, and Clarendon's Diary and Letters (1763). A volume of Miscellaneous Works; prefaced by a short biography, was published posthumously in 1820.^[1]

Family

In 1752, Douglas married Dorothea Pershouse, daughter of William Pershouse (or Persehouse) of Reynolds Hall, Stafford, but she died within three months. In 1765, he married secondly Elizabeth Rooke, daughter of Henry Brudenell Rooke.^[2] They had one son, Rev. William Douglas (1768–1819), Archdeacon of Wilts from 1799–1804.^[3]

A sister of his kept the British Coffee House, one of London's significant meeting places, especially for Scotsmen.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Douglas, John". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 446.
^ "Memoirs of Dr. Douglas, Bishop of Salisbury". The Monthly Magazine. XXII. R. Phillips: 566. 1 July 1807. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
^ Johnston, George Harvey (1907). The Heraldry of the Douglases: With Notes on All the Males of the Family, Descriptions of the Arms, Plates and Pedigrees. W. & A.K. Johnston. p. 87. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
^ London Past and Present : Its History, Associations, and Traditions. Volume 3 P-Z. Cambridge University Press. 24 February 2011. ISBN 9781108028080.

External links

Media related to John Douglas (bishop of Salisbury) at Wikimedia Commons

Church of England titles
Preceded by Edmund Law	Bishop of Carlisle 1787–1791	Succeeded by Edward Venables-Vernon
Preceded by John Harley	Dean of Windsor 1788–1791	Succeeded by Hon. James Cornwallis
Preceded by Shute Barrington	Bishop of Salisbury 1791–1807	Succeeded by John Fisher

[EB1911-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Douglas, John". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 446.

[2] "Memoirs of Dr. Douglas, Bishop of Salisbury". The Monthly Magazine. XXII. R. Phillips: 566. 1 July 1807. Retrieved 25 November 2024.

[3] Johnston, George Harvey (1907). The Heraldry of the Douglases: With Notes on All the Males of the Family, Descriptions of the Arms, Plates and Pedigrees. W. & A.K. Johnston. p. 87. Retrieved 25 November 2024.

[4] London Past and Present : Its History, Associations, and Traditions. Volume 3 P-Z. Cambridge University Press. 24 February 2011. ISBN 9781108028080.

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v t e Deans of Windsor
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v t e Bishops of Salisbury
see at Sherborne	see erected from Winchester St Aldhelm Forthhere Herewald Æthelmod Denefrith Wigberht Eahlstan St Heahmund Æthelheah Wulfsige Asser Æthelweard Wærstan Æthelbald Sigehelm Alfred Wulfsige II Ælfwold I Æthelsige I Wulfsige III Æthelric Æthelsige II Brithwine I Ælfmær Brithwine II St Ælfwold II Herman see united with Ramsbury and removed to Old Sarum
see at Old Sarum	united from Sherborne & Ramsbury Herman Saint Osmund Roger Henry of Sully Philip de Harcourt Josceline de Bohon Hubert Walter Herbert Poore Richard Poore see removed to New Sarum
Medieval	Richard Poore Robert de Bingham William de York Giles of Bridport Walter de la Wyle Robert Wickhampton Walter Scammel Henry Brandeston Lawrence de Awkeburne William de la Corner Nicholas Longespee Simon of Ghent Roger Martival Robert Wyvil Ralph Ergham John Waltham Richard Mitford Nicholas Bubwith Robert Hallam John Chandler Robert Neville William Ayscough Richard Beauchamp Lionel Woodville Thomas Langton John Blyth Henry Deane
Early modern	Edmund Audley Lorenzo Campeggio Nicholas Shaxton John Capon Gasparo Contarini William Petow Francis Mallet John Jewel Edmund Gheast John Piers John Coldwell Henry Cotton Robert Abbot Martin Fotherby Robert Tounson John Davenant Brian Duppa Episcopacy abolished (Commonwealth) Brian Duppa Humphrey Henchman John Earle Alexander Hyde Seth Ward Gilbert Burnet William Talbot Richard Willis Benjamin Hoadly Thomas Sherlock John Gilbert John Thomas (I) Robert Hay Drummond John Thomas (II) John Hume Shute Barrington John Douglas
Late modern	John Fisher Thomas Burgess Edward Denison Walter Kerr Hamilton George Moberly John Wordsworth Frederick Ridgeway St Clair Donaldson Neville Lovett Geoffrey Lunt William Anderson Joe Fison George Reindorp John Baker David Stancliffe Nick Holtam Stephen Lake

v t e Chancellors of the Order of the Garter
Bishops of Salisbury (1477–1550)	Richard Beauchamp Lionel Woodville Thomas Langton John Blyth Henry Deane Edmund Audley
Lay chancellors (1551–1671)	Sir William Cecil Sir William Petre Sir Thomas Smith Sir Francis Walsingham Sir Amias Paulet Sir John Wolley Sir Edward Dyer Sir John Herbert Sir George More Sir Francis Crane Sir Thomas Roe Sir James Palmer Sir Henry de Vic
Bishops of Salisbury (1671–1837)	Seth Ward Gilbert Burnet William Talbot Richard Willis Benjamin Hoadly Thomas Sherlock John Gilbert John Thomas Robert Hay Drummond John Thomas John Hume Shute Barrington John Douglas John Fisher Thomas Burgess
Bishops of Oxford (1837–1937)	Richard Bagot Samuel Wilberforce John Mackarness William Stubbs Francis Paget Charles Gore Hubert Burge Thomas Strong
Knights and Ladies Companion (since 1937)	The Duke of Portland The Earl of Halifax The Marquess of Salisbury The Viscount Cobham The Marquess of Abergavenny The Lord Carrington The Duke of Abercorn The Baroness Manningham-Buller

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