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Lowell George

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"The Factory (band)" redirects here. For other bands, see Factory (disambiguation).

Lowell George
George performing in Buffalo, New York, in 1977
George performing in Buffalo, New York,
in 1977
Background information
Birth nameLowell Thomas George
Born(1945-04-13)April 13, 1945
Los Angeles, California, US
DiedJune 29, 1979(1979-06-29) (aged 34)
Arlington, Virginia, US
GenresRock, roots rock, swamp rock, jam band
Occupation(s)Musician, songwriter, producer
Instrument(s)Guitar, vocals, harmonica, flute, saxophone, sitar
Years active1965–1979
LabelsWarner Bros.
Formerly ofLittle Feat
Frank Zappa band
The Mothers of Invention
The Standells
Websitelittlefeat.net

Lowell Thomas George (April 13, 1945 – June 29, 1979) was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer. He was the primary guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter for the rock band Little Feat. Before forming Little Feat, he was a member of Frank Zappa's band the Mothers of Invention.

Early life

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Lowell George was born in Los Angeles, California,[1] the son of Willard H. George, a furrier who raised chinchillas and supplied furs to the movie studios.[2][3]

George's first instrument was the harmonica. At the age of six he appeared on Ted Mack's Original Amateur Hour performing a duet with his older brother, Hampton. As a student at Hollywood High School (where he first befriended future bandmate Paul Barrere and second wife Elizabeth Levy), he took up the flute in the school marching band and orchestra. He had already started to play Hampton's acoustic guitar at age 11, progressed to the electric guitar by his high school years, and later learned to play the saxophone, shakuhachi and sitar. During this period, George viewed the teen idol-oriented rock and roll of the era with contempt, instead favoring West Coast jazz and the soul jazz of Les McCann and Mose Allison. Following graduation in 1963, he briefly worked at a gas station (an experience that inspired such later songs as "Willin'") to support himself while studying art and art history at Los Angeles Valley College for two years.

Musical career

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Early bands

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Initially funded by the sale of his grandfather's stock, George's first band, The Factory, formed in 1965 and released at least one single on the Uni Records label, "Smile, Let Your Life Begin" (co-written by George). Members included future Little Feat drummer Richie Hayward (who replaced Dallas Taylor in September 1966); Martin Kibbee (a.k.a. Fred Martin), who would later co-write several Little Feat songs with George (including "Dixie Chicken" and "Rock and Roll Doctor"); and Warren Klein on guitar. Frank Zappa produced two tracks for the band, but they were not released until 1993 on the album Lightning-Rod Man, credited to Lowell George and The Factory.[4] The band made an appearance on the 1960s sitcom F Troop as "The Bedbugs". They were also featured in an episode of Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C., "Lost, the Colonel's Daughter" (season 3, episode 27). They appeared in the scene inside the A-Go-Go club, with their music playing loudly. They received credit at the end of the episode as "'The Factory' Lowell-Warren-Martin-Rich, Courtesy of Universal Records". Following the disbanding of The Factory, George briefly joined The Standells.

Zappa and The Mothers of Invention

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In November 1968, George joined Zappa's Mothers of Invention as rhythm guitarist and nominal lead vocalist; he can be heard on Weasels Ripped My Flesh, Burnt Weeny Sandwich, You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 1, You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 4 and the first disc of You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 5. During this period, he absorbed Zappa's autocratic leadership style and avant garde-influenced conceptual/procedural-oriented compositional methods. He earned his first production credit (in conjunction with Zappa and Russ Titelman) on Permanent Damage, an album recorded by "groupie group" The GTOs. George later asserted that "he performed no real function in the band" and left the group in May 1969 under nebulous circumstances. GTOs member Pamela Des Barres has claimed that George was fired by Zappa for smoking marijuana, while George claimed at a 1975 Little Feat concert that he was fired because he "wrote a song ["Willin'"] about dope."[5] On the other hand, biographer Mark Brend asserts that Zappa liked the song but thought there was no place for it in the Mothers' set; George himself alternatively claimed that "it was decided that I should leave and form a band" by mutual agreement. George also claimed to have played uncredited guitar on Hot Rats.[6]

Little Feat

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After leaving the Mothers of Invention, George invited a contingent of fellow musicians (including former Zappa bassist Roy Estrada, keyboardist Bill Payne, and drummer Richie Hayward) to form a new band, which they named Little Feat. George usually (but not always) played lead guitar and focused on slide guitar, but Ry Cooder played the slide on "Willin'" on the debut Little Feat album after George badly injured his hand while working on a powered model airplane, although George rerecorded some of his material and he played the rest of the slide work on the album. Mark Brend wrote that George's "use of compression defined his sound and gave him the means to play his extended melodic lines."[7] George began playing slide with the casing of a Sears, Roebuck, and Co. Craftsman 13/16" spark plug socket wrench that was given to him by a friend—Steve, whom he had met from New Hampshire—rather than the traditional glass or steel finger tube. (Spark plugs came in two sizes at the time: 13/16" and, later, 5/8"; the former was universal during George's time.)[8][9]

Little Feat signed to Warner Bros. Records through Zappa's efforts and their first album was Little Feat, produced by Russ Titelman, but it was not a commercial success and only sold 11,000 copies on initial release.[10][11]

The follow-up album, Sailin' Shoes, produced by Ted Templeman, was the band's first record to feature cover artwork by Neon Park, but despite good reviews the album fared no better commercially.

"On Your Way Down"
written by Allen Toussaint, from the 1973 Little Feat album Dixie Chicken
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Estrada left the band in 1972 to join Captain Beefheart's Magic Band as well as to get away from the pollution in Los Angeles and he was replaced on bass by Kenny Gradney. In addition, Little Feat expanded to a sextet by adding a second guitarist Paul Barrere and percussionist Sam Clayton, thus cementing the classic line-up, and they took on a New Orleans funk direction with their next album, Dixie Chicken, the first to be produced by George.[12]

By the spring of 1976, Little Feat were touring North America opening for The Who.[13]

Little Feat released several other studio albums in the 1970s, including Feats Don't Fail Me Now, The Last Record Album, and Time Loves a Hero. The group's 1978 live album Waiting for Columbus became their best-selling album to date. Down on the Farm was their last album to feature George, and was released shortly after his death in 1979.

Tensions within the group, especially between George, Payne, and, to a lesser extent, Barrere regarding musical direction and leadership, led to Payne and Barrere's departure from the group in 1979 and the group's subsequent disbandment. In an interview with Bill Flanagan, conducted 11 days before his death, George stated that he was keen to re-form Little Feat without Payne and Barrere, in order to reassert his full control over the group.[14]

Record production

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George was also a producer and produced the Grateful Dead's 1978 album Shakedown Street, as well as Little Feat's records and his own 1979 solo album Thanks, I'll Eat It Here; he also co-produced a couple of tracks on Valerie Carter's 1977 release Just A Stone's Throw Away. In 1977 he co-produced John Starling's debut solo album, Long Time Gone.

Session work

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When not playing with Little Feat, George lent his talents as a session player to various artists, most frequently as a slide guitarist. He contributed to Barbara Keith's 1972 self-titled debut,[15] John Cale's Paris 1919 (1973), Happy End's Happy End (1973), Bonnie Raitt's Takin' My Time (1973; "I Feel the Same" and "Guilty"), Harry Nilsson's Son of Schmilsson (1973; "Take 54"), James Taylor's Gorilla (1975; "Angry Blues"), The Meters' Rejuvenation (1974; "Just Kissed My Baby"),[16] John Sebastian's Tarzana Kid (1974) and Jackson Browne's The Pretender (1976).

Along with The Meters, George's slide work features prominently on Robert Palmer's first solo studio album, Sneakin' Sally Through the Alley, recorded in New Orleans in 1974. A year later, Palmer's second album, Pressure Drop, was effectively produced by George, and Little Feat served as the core band on the sessions.[citation needed] However, Palmer kept the producer's credit because of a dispute between Island Records and Warner Brothers.[citation needed] Later CDs list Steve Smith as producer.

Death

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On June 15, 1979, George began a tour in support of his solo album, Thanks I'll Eat it Here. On June 29, the morning after an appearance at Washington, D.C.'s Lisner Auditorium, where the bulk of Waiting for Columbus had been recorded in 1977, George collapsed and died of a heart attack in his Arlington, Virginia, hotel room at the Twin Bridges Marriott. His heart attack was caused by an accidental heroin overdose.[17][18] George's body was cremated in Washington, D.C., on August 2. His ashes were flown back to Los Angeles, where they were scattered from his fishing boat into the Pacific Ocean.[19][20][21]

According to Fred Tackett, "We were driving down the New Jersey Turnpike in this bus and we stopped at this pizza joint off the highway. Everybody in the band shared a cheese pizza but Lowell bought a large pizza with everything on it, carried it to the back of the bus, and he ate the entire pizza by himself. He died two or three days later. So, when people ask me, 'What really killed Lowell?' I say, 'It was a pizza on the New Jersey Turnpike.'"[22]

Posthumous tributes and cover songs

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Personal life

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Lowell met Susan Taylor (nickname Jonna) during his days with The Factory. They had Lowell's first child, Forrest Sylvester George, in March 1969. George and his first wife, Pattie Price, had a son, Luke, in April 1970. They divorced, and he became involved with Elizabeth Levy. They had a daughter, Inara George, in July 1974; the couple married in 1976.[27] Inara is half of the musical duo The Bird and the Bee.

George was stepfather to Levy's son Jed Levy from her previous marriage to Tom Levy.[28]

References

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  1. ^ "Lowell George Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More". AllMusic.
  2. ^ "Lowell George in Eight and a Half Songs". Oxford American.
  3. ^ The Willard H. George Co. Furriers store, 3330 Wilshire Blvd, in 1931. Archived 2019-06-24 at the Wayback Machine Martin Turnbull, January 29, 2014. Retrieved June 25, 2019.
  4. ^ "Lowell George & The Factory – Lightning-Rod Man". Globalia.net. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
  5. ^ "Willin'". Little Feat Live at Auditorium Theatre. The Internet Archive. October 18, 1975. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
  6. ^ Neil Slaven (March 1, 2003). Electric Don Quixote. Omnibus. pp. 141–144. ISBN 978-0-7119-9436-2.
  7. ^ Rock and Roll Doctor—Lowell George: Guitarist, Songwriter and Founder of Little Feat, by Mark Brend, Backbeat Books, Oct. 2002, p.75,
  8. ^ Clayson, Alan (February 2, 2004). Brian Jones. Bobcat Books. ISBN 9780857124500. Retrieved May 4, 2018 – via Google Books.
  9. ^ "Teenage Nervous Breakdown - Little Feat - Feb 14, 1976". Retrieved May 4, 2018.
  10. ^ "Little Feat - Little Feat - Songs, Reviews, Credits - AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
  11. ^ Tobler, John (1992). NME Rock 'N' Roll Years (1st ed.). London: Reed International Books. p. 283. CN 5585.
  12. ^ "Dixie Chicken - Little Feat - Songs, Reviews, Credits - AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
  13. ^ Strong, Martin C. (2000). The Great Rock Discography (5th ed.). Edinburgh: Mojo Books. ISBN 1-84195-017-3.
  14. ^ Written in My Soul by Bill Flanagan ISBN 0-7119-2224-1 pp. 353-63.
  15. ^ Marios (October 5, 2013). "Rockasteria: Barbara Keith - Barbara Keith (1973 us, marvelous folk country rock, japan remaster)". Retrieved July 19, 2017.
  16. ^ Efram Turchick (January 22, 2002). "Interview with Leo Nocentelli". Sundazed.com. Archived from the original on July 25, 2008. Retrieved December 25, 2017. That's Lowell George playing slide on a song called 'Just Kissed My Baby' on Rejuvenation.
  17. ^ Kurt Loder (September 14, 1979). "Lowe-Carter rock wedding". Anchorage Daily News.
  18. ^ Forkes, Tim (November 22, 2015). "Lowell George and other thoughts". Los Angeles Post Examier. Archived from the original on March 10, 2017. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  19. ^ "Remembering Lowell George". Amoeba.com. June 29, 2009. Archived from the original on January 19, 2011. Retrieved August 6, 2014.
  20. ^ "Little Feat: Waiting for Columbus". Allaboutjazz.com. April 29, 2012. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  21. ^ Harrington, Richard (August 7, 1988). "ONE GIANT STEP FOR LITTLE FEAT". Retrieved July 19, 2017 – via washingtonpost.com.
  22. ^ "Perfect Sound Forever: Lowell George- an appreciation". Furious.com. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
  23. ^ Tobler, John (1992). NME Rock 'N' Roll Years (1st ed.). London: Reed International Books Ltd. p. 329. CN 5585.
  24. ^ "Deleted/Forwarding Page". Jrp-graphics.com. Archived from the original on March 3, 2014. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
  25. ^ Adam Sweeting (August 30, 2000). "The late, great Lowell George". The Guardian. Retrieved March 3, 2014.
  26. ^ "Various - Long-Distance Love - A Sweet Relief Tribute To Lowell George". Discogs. May 17, 2024. Retrieved October 31, 2024.
  27. ^ Fong-Torres, Ben (November 12, 2013). Willin': The Story of Little Feat. Da Capo Press. ISBN 9780306821325. Retrieved December 6, 2017 – via Google Books.
  28. ^ "Lowell George's Little Feat Have Always Done Their Stuff, but Only Now Are They a Shoo-In – Vol. 9 No. 14". April 10, 1978. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
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Awards
Preceded by AMA presidents Award
2009 		Succeeded by
Not Yet Awarded
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